李应东，刘 媛，崔朝霞
（中国科学院海洋研究所实验海洋生物学重点实验室，山东 青岛 266071）

摘要：为了对水产养殖废水进行综合利用，以减少对环境污染，增加养殖效益，2014年7—10月对大西洋鲑（Salmo salar）工厂化养殖车间排放水池塘中底栖生物的组成和次级生产力进行了调查和评估。结果显示，排放水池塘中沉积物量和底栖生物量与养殖废水的排放时间成正比；沉积物中共检出底栖无脊椎动物4种，分别为线虫（Turbatrix sp.）、才女虫（Polydora sp.）、小头虫（Capitella sp.）和钩虾（Corophium sp.），均为污损指示生物。其中，才女虫和钩虾的生物量和丰度与沉积物量呈显著正相关（P<0.05），小头虫、才女虫和钩虾的次级生产力分别为11.1、1149.1和702.2 g/m2a，显著高于正常海域（P<0.05）。研究表明，该养殖废水中底栖污损生物的次级生产力高，具有较高的再利用价值。

关键词：污损生物；次级生产力；水产养殖废水；大西洋鲑；工厂化养殖

Fouling organisms composition and secondary productivity of discharged water ponds of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) indoor intensive culture system
LI Yingdong, LIU Yuan, CUI Zhaoxia
(Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071)

Abstract: To provide guidance for utilizing aquaculture wastewater, reducing environmental pollution and increasing farming profits, we investigated the benthonic organisms composition and secondary productivity in discharged water ponds of Salmo salar indoor intensive culture workshop, from July to October in 2014. Results showed that the sediments volume and biomasses of benthic organisms in discharge water ponds were directly proportional to the drainage time. Four species of zoobenthos were identified, including Turbatrix sp., Polydora sp., Capitella sp. and Corophium sp., which are all bioindicators, and there was a significant positive correlation between the amount of sediments and the biomasses of Capitella sp. and Corophium sp. as well as their richness (P<0.05). Secondary productivity of Capitella sp., Polydora sp. and Corophium sp. were 11.1g/m2a, 1149.1g/m2a and 702.2g/m2a, respectively, which was significantly higher than those of outdoor seas (P<0.05). In conclusion, the fouling organisms of discharged water have high valuable potential as baits for other aquatic animals.

Keywords: fouling organisms, secondary productivity, aquaculture wastewater, Atlantic salmon, indoor intensive culture