张 磊 ，杨淑芳，阎希柱
（集美大学水产学院，农业部东海海水健康养殖重点实验室，福建 厦门 361021）

摘要：为初步了解菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)养殖水体浮游植物初级生产力(PP)的变化规律及其与环境因子的相关性。于2013年8月—2014年1月，采用黑白瓶法对莆田后海垦区2个菲律宾蛤仔养殖池的初级生产力进行逐月采样调查。结果显示，PP平均值分别为(1.17±0.31) g•O2/(m 2•d)、(0.76±0.21) g O2/(m 2•d)，夏秋季节显著高于冬季(P<0.05)；PP与叶绿素a（Chl-a）的变化并不同步，Chl-a呈先下降后上升趋势；PP与温度、总氮呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)，与透明度呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)，与溶氧、氨氮呈显著负相关(P<0.05)；Chl-a与水温呈显著负相关(P<0.05)、与总氮呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)，与溶氧呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)，与氨氮、亚硝酸盐呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。建立了多个水质因子与Chl-a、PP的相关线性方程，并结合典型相关分析结果。研究表明，透明度、溶氧、营养盐是浮游植物PP的主要影响因子。

关键词：菲律宾蛤仔；初级生产力；叶绿素a；环境因子

Study on the variation and influencing factors of the primary production of Ruditapes philippinarum culture pond
ZHANG Lei, YANG Shufang, YAN Xizhu
( Fisheries College, Jimei University, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture,
Xia men 361021,China）

Abstract: Based on the monitoring data from August 2013 to January 2014 , the relationships between the changes of primary production(PP) of phytoplankton and environmental factors in two necked clam(Ruditapes philippinarum) culture ponds in the high-tide area of reclaimed zone of Putian city, Fujian Province were studied. The results showed that the annual mean value of PP were (1.17±0.31) g O2/(m 2•d)and (0.76±0.21) g O2/(m 2•d). PP in summer and early autumn was significantly higher than that in winter (P<0.05). PP and the changes of chlorophyll-a(Chl-a) are not synchronous, Chl-a showed a first falling and then rising trend. PP had a very significant positive relationship with temperature (T), total nitrogen (TN) (P < 0.01), very significantly negative relationship with transparency (SD) (P < 0.01), and significantly negative relationship with dissolved oxygen (DO), NH4+-N (P < 0.05). Chl-a had a negative relationship with T (P < 0.05), very significantly negative relationship with TN(P <0.01), very significantly positive relationship with DO (P <0.01), and a positive relationship with NH4+-N, NO2--N (P < 0.05). Several linear regressive equations were establishedamong multiple water quality factors and the Chl-a, PP. Canonical correlation analysis results showed that the SD, DO, nutrients were the main limiting factors of PP.

Key words:Ruditapes philippinarum; Primary Production; Chl-a; Environmental factors