杨志强1,2，朱建新1，刘 慧1，程海华1,3，曲克明1，刘寿堂4
（1中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所，山东 青岛 266071 ；
2中国海洋大学水产学院，山东 青岛 266003 ；
3上海海洋大学水产与生命学院，上海201306 ；
4海阳市黄海水产有限公司，山东 海阳 265122）

摘要：为研究环境因子对生物膜水质净化效果，对生化棉为滤料的生物滤器进行了试验。采用优势菌种挂膜后，在不同水温、溶氧（DO）、盐度、pH条件下，研究生物滤器对人工加富的海水养殖废水水质的净化效果。结果显示，水温28℃时，化学需氧量（CODMn）、氨氮（NH4+-N）、亚硝酸盐氮（NO2--N）、磷酸盐（PO43--P）去除率分别为69.3﹪、93.7﹪、93.7﹪、19.4﹪；DO 6.00 mg/L时，CODMn、NH4+-N、NO2--N、PO43--P去除率分别为72.8﹪、91.7﹪、97﹪、15.6﹪；盐度25时，CODMn、NH4+-N、NO2--N、硝酸盐氮（NO3--N）、PO43--P去除率分别为57.1﹪、98.4﹪、99.9﹪、100﹪、42﹪；pH 7.5时，CODMn、NH4+-N去除率分别为72.8﹪、93.3﹪。研究表明，水温28℃、DO 6.00mg/L、盐度25和pH 7.5为该生物滤器最适水质净化条件，此时生物膜净化效率较高，出水水质较好。

关键词：生物滤器；水温；DO；盐度；pH

Experimental of effect of several environmental factors on purification efficiency of biofilter in a recirculating aquaculture system
YANG Zhiqiang1,2，ZHU Jianxin1，LIU Hui1，CHENG Haihua1,3，QU Keming1，LIU Shoutang4
（1 Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071 , China;
2 College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China ;
3 College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
4 Haiyang Yellow Sea Aquatic Product CO.Ltd, Haiyang 265122, China）

Abstract: The impact of environmental factors on water purification effect of biofilter in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) was studied. The experiment RAS was built with acrylic and plexiglass, and the biofilter was built with biochemical cotton fiber. The biofilter was inoculated with dominant bacteria until maturation. Purification experiment was done on enriched mariculture wastewater, by studying the water quality indexes removal rate of the biofilter at different levels of temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), salinity, and pH. The results showed that when the water temperature was 28℃, the removal rate of CODMn, NH4+-N, NO2--N and PO43--P was 69.3﹪, 93.7﹪, 93.7﹪ and 19.4﹪, respectively. When the DO was 6.00mg/L, the removal rate of CODMn, NH4+-N, NO2--N and PO43--P was 72.8﹪, 91.7﹪, 97﹪ and 15.6﹪, respectively. When the salinity was 25, the removal rate of CODMn, NH4+-N, NO2--N, NO3--N and PO43--P was 57.1﹪, 98.4﹪, 99.9﹪, 100﹪ and 42﹪, respectively. When the pH was 7.5, the removal rate of CODMn and NH4+-N was 72.8﹪ and 93.3﹪, respectively. It was observed that water temperature 28℃, DO 6.00mg/L, salinity 25 and pH 7.5 were the optimum conditions for water purification of this biofilter in the experimental RAS. Under these conditions, the biofilter efficiency was higher, and the outlet water quality was better.

Key words: biofilter; water temperature; DO; salinity; pH