徐 皓，江 涛
（中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所，农业部渔业装备与工程技术重点实验室 上海 200092）

摘要：发展离岸养殖工程对于保障水产品供给、开发蓝色国土资源、实现海洋水域资源的合理利用与有效开发具有重大意义。本文阐述了我国网箱养殖工程发展现状和面临的主要问题，介绍了国外在深水抗风浪网箱和养殖工船方面的研发进展，指出未来离岸养殖工程发展趋势是养殖设施系统大型化、养殖环境生态化、养殖地域外向化、养殖过程低碳化。提出了我国离岸养殖工程发展战略目标是：至2020年，全面形成面向深海、合理分布于主权海域的海上水产品养殖生产与流通体系，实现海洋渔业由“捕”向“养”的根本性转变，建立领先于世界的工业化蓝色农业生产体系。
关键词：离岸养殖工程；深水网箱；养殖工船；发展策略

Development strategy of offshore aquaculture engineering in China
XU Hao, JIANG Tao
( Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences; Key Laboratory of Fishery Equipment and Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 200092,China )

Abstract: To develop offshore aquaculture engineering is great significant for securing aquatic products supply, developing blue land resources, achieving the optimal use and efficient development of marine water area resources. This paper described the development status and existing main problems of the fish cage farming engineering in China, introduced the research and development progress in the field of offshore anti-wave cage and aquaculture working vessel in foreign countries, and pointed out that the development trends of offshore aquaculture engineering is scale up of aquaculture facilities system, ecologicalization of the aquaculture environment, externalization of the farming area, and low-carbon of the aquaculture operation. It presented the strategic objectives of offshore aquaculture engineering development in China: till 2020, a marine aquaculture production and circulation system of aquatic products, which engaged in offshore sea waters and suitably distributed within the sovereign waters, will be fully formed; the fundamental transition which shifts from catching to farming in marine fishery industry will be achieved; the blue agriculture production system that lead in the world will be established.
Key words: offshore aquaculture engineering, offshore cage, aquaculture working vessel, development strategy

基金项目：国家科技支撑计划（2011BAD13B11）
作者简介：徐皓（1962—），男，研究员，研究方向：渔业装备与工程。E-mail: xuhao@www.duplicityduo.com

（来源：《渔业现代化》2012,39(4):1-7）