刘 晃
（中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所，上海，200092）

摘要：我国木质渔船占有相当大的比重，普遍存在老旧船多、小船多、船型混乱、技术性能低下、安全性差、能耗高、维护费用高、森林资源耗费大等问题，不符合现代渔船发展的要求。文章系统分析了现有渔船管理政策，表明现有渔船管理法律法规不完善，难成体系；管理制度之间不协调，缺乏可操作的渔船强制报废制度；科研滞后，更新改造缺少技术支持。同时提出了建立木质渔船淘汰机制的政策建议：推动《渔业法》修订工作，建立系统完善的渔船退出制度；限制木质渔船制建造；加大对木质捕捞渔船拆解更新的资金补贴；加强木质渔船更新改造的技术研发，促进木质渔船更新改造。

关键词：渔船；海洋捕捞；管理政策

Elimination mechanism of the wooden fishing vessel
LIU Huang
(Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092, China)

Abstract: The wooden fishing vessel occupies a considerable proportion in China. There are too old, too small, type chaotic, poor performance, poor safety, higher energy consumption, higher maintenance cost, higher forest resources cost etc. This does not accord with the requirement of development of modern fishing vessel. The paper analyzing the fishing management policies at present, which indicates that the fishing management laws and regulations is not perfect, difficult to into the system, and incongruity between management systems, lack of operable fishing vessel mandatory scrapping system, and research lag, upgrading the lack of technical support. The paper suggest building wooden fishing vessel elimination mechanism policies that it is to promote the fishery law revision, and set up system to improve the fishing vessel out of and restrictions on building wooden fishing vessel, and increase subsidies for wooden fishing vessel dismantling and update. The renewal and transformation of wooden fishing vessel technology research and development, and promote the upgrading wooden fishing vessel.

Key words：fishing vessel；marine fishing；management policies

（来源：《渔业现代化》2013,40(3):62-65）