高 健¹，林捷敏¹，任淑华²
（1 上海海洋大学经济管理学院，上海 201306；2 浙江海洋学院，舟山 316000）

摘要：本文以福建宁德地区大黄鱼网箱养殖为实证对象，进行网箱养殖的负外部性经济分析，探讨控制负外部的经济与政策手段。本论文选取三都澳海域3个案例进行实证调研，并采用规范研究法研究可能带来的外部污染源及应对措施。研究表明，该海域网箱养殖具有网箱布局高度集中、产业发展的资源基础为公共池塘资源，以及过度投饲鲜活饵料流失现象严重等特点。这些特点易带来明显的负外部性而产生巨大的社会成本。作者从经济学视角分析了社会成本的产生机理并提出加强养殖技术基础研究与养殖环境经济评价，合理确定养殖规模与养殖网箱布局，建立准入与退出机制以及提高组织化程度的政策建议。

关键词：大黄鱼；网箱养殖；经济分析

Economic analysis and policy suggestion of large yellow croaker farming
GAO Jian¹, LIN Jie-min¹, REN Shu-hua ²
( 1 Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; 2 Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China )

Abstract: Economic analysis and policies of the regulation on negative externality of cage culture are discussed in the paper, choosing the cage culture of large yellow croaker as the empirical object. Based on an empirical study on 3 cases of San du ao Seas, the paper selected formal methods to research the possible pollutant source brought by the cage culture and countermeasures. The survey indicates that such marine cage culture characterized in highly centralization of cage layout, relying on public ponds as the basis of industrial development resources and excessive feeding which leads to wastage. These four features are easy to bring obvious negative externalities and consume huge social cost. From an economic view, the authors analyzed the mechanism of production of social cost and pointed out some suggestions, such as strengthening the basic technological research of faming as well as economic estimation of farming environment, ensuring reasonable farming scale and layout of farming cage, establishing necessary entering and exiting mechanism, and advancing the organization scale of farming activities.

Key words: large yellow croaker; cage farming; economic analysis of farming pollution

基金项目：农业部行业（大黄鱼）公益性项目（200903029）
作者简介：高健（1958—），男，教授，博导，主要从事海洋与渔业经济研究。E-mail: jgao@shou.edu.cn

(来源：《渔业现代化》2010.37(6)：62-65)