徐 静1，刘天强1，彭衡阳1，黄凌远1，肖 丹1,2
(1 通威股份有限公司 四川 成都610041；
2 成都中医药大学 四川 成都611137)

摘要：针对国内渔药的研究和开发，介绍了相关的政策与法规，简述了渔药药学、药理毒理学的研究现状，根据渔药开发中存在的一些问题，提出应加大制剂和剂型的研究力度，建议从养殖水环境中药物稳定性、药物对水产动物应激作用、药物残留和水污染风险评估等方向开发泼洒型渔药，从处方设计上提高水产动物对药物的顺应性，依据水产动物生活习性对药物的浮性与沉性进行设计等方向开发口服型渔药，提高推广应用的可行性；建议加大预防用药和疾病快速诊断方法的研究力度，做到“以防为主，快诊早治，合理用药”。
 

关键词：渔药；制剂；预防用药；快速诊断
 

Research status and suggestion of national fishery chemicals and drugs
XU Jing1，LIU Tianqiang1，PENG Hengyang1，HUANG Lingyuan1，XIAO Dan1，2
（1 Tongwei Co.,Ltd ,Chengdu 610041, China;
2 Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China）

Abstract: This paper reviews the major policies and regulations for fishery chemicals and drugs production, use, and development issued by the Ministry of Agriculture, outlines the main research status, and put forward some of the problems that exist in the current development of fishery chemicals and drugs. The fishery chemicals and drugs industry should be strengthen in preparation and formulations to improve the feasibility of promotion and application. The splashing type chemicals and drugs should developed from the orientations of stability study of chemicals and drugs in aquaculture water environment, stress effects of drugs on aquatic animals, drug residues in aquatic environment and water pollution of risk assessment. Oral type of fishery drugs should be developed from the perspectives of improving the drug compliance from prescription design, designing the floating and sinking features fo the chemicals and drug according to aquatic animals’ habits. At last, chemicals and drugs for disease prevention and rapid diagnostic methods should be strengthen so as to achieve the principles of disease prevention, rapid diagnosis , early treatment and rational chemicals and drugs use.
 

Key words: fishery chemicals and drugs; disease prevention; rapid diagnosis

（来源：《渔业现代化》2015,42(1)61-64）